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Compare Nauru (2006) - Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2007)

Compare Nauru (2006) z Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2007)

 Nauru (2006)Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2007)
 NauruAshmore and Cartier Islands
Administrative divisions 14 districts; Aiwo, Anabar, Anetan, Anibare, Baiti, Boe, Buada, Denigomodu, Ewa, Ijuw, Meneng, Nibok, Uaboe, Yaren -
Age structure 0-14 years: 36.9% (male 2,507/female 2,391)


15-64 years: 61.2% (male 4,004/female 4,123)


65 years and over: 2% (male 139/female 123) (2006 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products coconuts -
Airports 1 (2006) -
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006)		 -
Area total: 21 sq km


land: 21 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total: 5 sq km


land: 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island
Area - comparative about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background The exact origins of the Nauruans are unclear, since their language does not resemble any other in the Pacific. The island was annexed by Germany in 1888 and its phosphate deposits began to be mined early in the 20th century by a German-British consortium. Nauru was occupied by Australian forces in World War I and subsequently became a League of Nations mandate. After the Second World War - and a brutal occupation by Japan - Nauru became a UN trust territory. It achieved its independence in 1968 and joined the UN in 1999 as the world's smallest independent republic. These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve.
Birth rate 24.76 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) -
Budget revenues: $13.5 million


expenditures: $13.5 million (2005)		 -
Capital no official capital; government offices in Yaren District


time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)		 -
Climate tropical with a monsoonal pattern; rainy season (November to February) tropical
Coastline 30 km 74.1 km
Constitution 29 January 1968; amended 17 May 1968 (Constitution Day) -
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Nauru


conventional short form: Nauru


local long form: Republic of Nauru


local short form: Nauru


former: Pleasant Island		 conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands


conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Death rate 6.7 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) -
Debt - external $33.3 million (2002) -
Dependency status - territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Nauru; the US Ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Nauru none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Vinci Niel CLODUMAR


chancery: 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400 D, New York, NY 10017


telephone: [1] (212) 937-0074


FAX: [1] (212) 937-0079


consulate(s): Agana (Guam)		 none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international none Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to these islands; Australia closed parts of the Ashmore and Cartier Reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing and placed restrictions on certain catches
Economic aid - recipient $20 million mostly from Australia -
Economy - overview Revenues of this tiny island have traditionally come from exports of phosphates, now significantly depleted. An Australian company in 2005 entered into an agreement intended to exploit remaining supplies. Few other resources exist with most necessities being imported, mainly from Australia, its former occupier and later major source of support. The rehabilitation of mined land and the replacement of income from phosphates are serious long-term problems. In anticipation of the exhaustion of Nauru's phosphate deposits, substantial amounts of phosphate income were invested in trust funds to help cushion the transition and provide for Nauru's economic future. As a result of heavy spending from the trust funds, the government faces virtual bankruptcy. To cut costs the government has frozen wages and reduced overstaffed public service departments. In 2005, the deterioration in housing, hospitals, and other capital plant continued, and the cost to Australia of keeping the government and economy afloat continued to climb. Few comprehensive statistics on the Nauru economy exist, with estimates of Nauru's GDP varying widely. no economic activity
Electricity - consumption 21.39 million kWh (2003) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2003) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2003) -
Electricity - production 23 million kWh (2003) -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location along plateau rim 61 m		 lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 3 m
Environment - current issues limited natural fresh water resources, roof storage tanks collect rainwater, but mostly dependent on a single, aging desalination plant; intensive phosphate mining during the past 90 years - mainly by a UK, Australia, and NZ consortium - has left the central 90% of Nauru a wasteland and threatens limited remaining land resources NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups Nauruan 58%, other Pacific Islander 26%, Chinese 8%, European 8% -
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001) -
Executive branch chief of state: President Ludwig SCOTTY (since 22 June 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Ludwig SCOTTY (since 22 June 2004)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of Parliament


elections: president elected by Parliament for a three-year term; election last held 23 October 2004 (next to be held NA 2007)


election results: Ludwig SCOTTY was unopposed in the parliamentary elections for president		 -
Exports NA bbl/day -
Exports - commodities phosphates -
Exports - partners South Africa 63.7%, South Korea 7.6%, Canada 6.6% (2005) -
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June -
Flag description blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across the center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the hoist side; the star indicates the country's location in relation to the Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12 original tribes of Nauru the flag of Australia is used
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%		 -
GDP - real growth rate NA% -
Geographic coordinates 0 32 S, 166 55 E 12 14 S, 123 05 E
Geography - note Nauru is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Makatea in French Polynesia; only 53 km south of Equator Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%		 -
Imports NA bbl/day -
Imports - commodities food, fuel, manufactures, building materials, machinery -
Imports - partners South Korea 43.8%, Australia 36.2%, US 5.9%, Germany 4.3% (2005) -
Independence 31 January 1968 (from the Australia-, NZ-, and UK-administered UN trusteeship) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries phosphate mining, offshore banking, coconut products -
Infant mortality rate total: 9.78 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 12.29 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 7.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)		 -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -3.6% (1993) -
International organization participation ACP, AsDB, C, FAO, ICAO, ICCt, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO -
Irrigated land NA 0 sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court -
Labor force - by occupation note: 0.1% employed in mining phosphates, public administration, education, and transportation -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2005)
Languages Nauruan (official, a distinct Pacific Island language), English widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and commercial purposes -
Legal system acts of the Nauru Parliament and British common law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral Parliament (18 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 23 October 2004 (next to be held not later than 2007)


election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - Nauru First Party 3, independents 15


note: the president dissolved parliament on 30 September 2004 and set new elections for 23 October 2004		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 63.08 years


male: 59.5 years


female: 66.84 years (2006 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: NA


total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA		 -
Location Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, south of the Marshall Islands Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island
Map references Oceania Southeast Asia
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm		 territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Military - note Nauru maintains no defense forces; under an informal agreement, defense is the responsibility of Australia defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force
Military branches no regular military forces; Nauru Police Force (2005) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA -
National holiday Independence Day, 31 January (1968) -
Nationality noun: Nauruan(s)


adjective: Nauruan		 -
Natural hazards periodic droughts surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards
Natural resources phosphates, fish fish
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) -
People - note - the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem
Political parties and leaders loose multiparty system; Democratic Party [Kennan ADEANG]; Nauru Party (informal); Nauru First (Naoero Amo) Party -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 13,287 (July 2006 est.) no indigenous inhabitants


note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 1.81% (2006 est.) -
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) -
Religions Christian (two-thirds Protestant, one-third Roman Catholic) -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.13 male(s)/female


total population: 1 male(s)/female (2006 est.)		 -
Suffrage 20 years of age; universal and compulsory -
Telephone system general assessment: adequate local and international radiotelephone communication provided via Australian facilities


domestic: NA


international: country code - 674; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 1,900 (2002) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 1,500 (2002) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) -
Terrain sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs with phosphate plateau in center low with sand and coral
Total fertility rate 3.11 children born/woman (2006 est.) -
Unemployment rate 90% (2004 est.) -
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